Generally speaking, writing an essay can be quite a burden for most of us. When we also have to teach students how to do it, this becomes even more difficult. Consequently, preparing beforehand these steps becomes „a must”.
While teaching students how to do it, we should take into consideration several things:
1. Analyze the essay prompt
The most important step in writing an essay or research paper is to fully comprehend the essay question. An essay can be wonderfully articulated and thought out, but will still result in a poor grade if it doesn’t adequately answer the prompt provided. Break the prompt down into two parts.
What is the prompt directly asking? What is the essay topic? What research do I need to do to fully understand the topic? How long does the essay need to be? What is the prompt indirectly asking?
Is the prompt asking for my opinion, the opinion of credible scholarly sources, or facts? How can I relate this essay topic to what we have covered in class? Once these questions have been answered, you can begin constructing your essay.
2. Create a thesis statement
Start your essay with a thesis statement that will guide your entire paper. Based on the prompt, what do you want to argue in your essay? Your thesis statement should be concise, but incorporate all the main points you’d like to address in your paper. Continually refer to your thesis statement when writing your essay and make sure to never stray from your main points. A good thesis statement can be the difference between an A and a B.
3. Make an outline
Use an outline to plan out your essay/research paper before writing it. Working from your thesis statement, plot out how you want your paper to flow and what information you want to include. This will make writing the full draft of your paper much easier!
4. Begin with the body, not the introduction
Don’t start with the introduction. The introduction is where some students struggle the most, so to avoid getting bogged down, create the introduction later. This will allow you to fully form your thoughts and ideas and come back and integrate the main ideas into your introduction.
5. Begin each paragraph with a topic sentence
Begin each paragraph with a topic sentence, which expresses the main idea of the paragraph. Each paragraph should contain quotes or contextual information to defend your topic sentence and thesis statement.
6. Use credible sources
Quotes and contextual information are important for establishing credibility and supporting your argument, so make sure that the quotes and information are coming from credible scholarly sources. Examples of scholarly sources include academic journals, peer-reviewed articles, textbooks, books by accredited authors, etc. Examples of unacceptable scholarly sources are magazine articles, open forum submissions, encyclopedia entries, and unverified online sources.
7. Don’t fake it
Teachers aren’t dumb. They know when you don’t fully understand the essay topic and when you’re rambling to make it longer. Make sure that every sentence adds substance to your work. If it isn’t absolutely necessary, cut it out.
8. Conclude your essay
Your conclusion should always begin by restating your thesis statement. This is your chance to tie all of your main points together and go out with a bang. A good conclusion will address the main arguments of each body paragraph in a succinct way and thoroughly prove your thesis statement.
9. Proofread, then proofread again
Reviewing is critical to composing a great essay. Some teachers won’t even finish reading essays if they’re not grammatically sound or riddled with spelling errors. Here are a few ways to make your essay/research paper more academically acceptable and better overall.
Take out all conjunctions (aren’t, don’t, couldn’t, etc.). This will make your paper longer and is more appropriate for academic writing.
Print out your paper, read it, and mark it up. You will notice more errors when reading it this way than on a computer screen.
Have friends or parents read it. A second set of eyes can catch any mistakes you missed.
Read it out loud. This will help with grammar mistakes. If it sounds wrong, it probably is.
Essays and research papers can be a challenge for writers of all skill levels, but these writing tips can make the process a little easier and a lot less daunting.